Power dissipation is a fundamental problem for nanoelectronic circuits. Scaling the supply voltage reduces the energy needed for switching, but the field-effect transistors (FETs) in today’s ...

Transistors are an indispensable building block in electric appliances, where they amplify weak electric currents. Now researchers have developed a new type of transistor that is 50 times more energy ...

Large scale digital logic began not with the vacuum tube but the electromechanical relay. Although vacuum tubes were available at the time – and were used on competing machines – Konrad Zuse chose to ...

In this quick Arduino tutorial I will explain how you can control a relay using the Arduino Board, one 1K and one 10K resistors, 1 BC547 transistor, one 6V or 12V relay, one 1N4007 diode and a 12V fan ...